はじめに
matplotlib FuncAnimationによる3Dグラフの縦回転アニメーションについて説明する。
コード
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| from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d | |
| import matplotlib.pyplot as plt | |
| from IPython.display import HTML | |
| import matplotlib.animation as animation | |
| import numpy as np | |
| fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,5) | |
| ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d') | |
| x, y, z = np.indices((17, 17, 17)) | |
| num = np.linspace(1,15,15) | |
| v1 = (z == 0) | |
| v2 = (x <= num[-1]) & (y <= num[-1]) & (z == num[0]) & (x >= num[0]) & (y >= num[0]) | |
| v3 = (x <= num[-2]) & (y <= num[-2]) & (z == num[1]) & (x >= num[1]) & (y >= num[1]) | |
| v4 = (x <= num[-3]) & (y <= num[-3]) & (z == num[2]) & (x >= num[2]) & (y >= num[2]) | |
| v5 = (x <= num[-4]) & (y <= num[-4]) & (z == num[3]) & (x >= num[3]) & (y >= num[3]) | |
| v6 = (x <= num[-5]) & (y <= num[-5]) & (z == num[4]) & (x >= num[4]) & (y >= num[4]) | |
| v7 = (x <= num[-6]) & (y <= num[-6]) & (z == num[5]) & (x >= num[5]) & (y >= num[5]) | |
| v8 = (x <= num[-7]) & (y <= num[-7]) & (z == num[6]) & (x >= num[6]) & (y >= num[6]) | |
| v9 = (x <= num[-8]) & (y <= num[-8]) & (z == num[7]) & (x >= num[7]) & (y >= num[7]) | |
| voxels = v1 | v2 | v3 | v4| v5 | v6 | v7 | v8 | v9 | |
| ax.voxels(voxels, facecolors='gold', edgecolor='gray') | |
| #view | |
| rotate_elev = np.concatenate((np.linspace(0,180,50,endpoint = False),np.linspace(-180,0,51))) | |
| rotate_azim = np.linspace(60,420,101) | |
| def init(): | |
| ax.set_zlim(0,10) | |
| #ax.set_aspect('equal') | |
| return fig, | |
| def animate(i): | |
| #rotate azim | |
| #ax.view_init(elev=30, azim=rotate_azim[i]) | |
| #rotate elev | |
| ax.view_init(elev=rotate_elev[i], azim=60) | |
| #rotate elev and azim | |
| #ax.view_init(elev=rotate_elev[i], azim=rotate_azim[i]) | |
| return fig, | |
| # Animate | |
| ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, init_func=init, | |
| frames=101, interval=100, blit=False) | |
| ani.save('rotate_pyramid_1.mp4', writer="ffmpeg",dpi=100) | |
| HTML(ani.to_html5_video()) |
解説
モジュールのインポート
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from mpl_toolkits.mplot3d import axes3d
import matplotlib.pyplot as plt
from IPython.display import HTML
import matplotlib.animation as animation
import numpy as np
グラフの設定
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fig = plt.figure(figsize=(5,5)
ax = fig.add_subplot(111, projection='3d')
ピラミッドの作成
ピラミッドはボクセルで↓と同様に作成。
[matplotlib 3D] 46.ボクセルピラミッド(Voxel Pyramid)
matplotlib mplot3dでvoxelによるピラミッド
sabopy.com
2019.02.06
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x, y, z = np.indices((17, 17, 17))
num = np.linspace(1,15,15)
v1 = (z == 0)
v2 = (x <= num[-1]) & (y <= num[-1]) & (z == num[0]) & (x >= num[0]) & (y >= num[0])
v3 = (x <= num[-2]) & (y <= num[-2]) & (z == num[1]) & (x >= num[1]) & (y >= num[1])
v4 = (x <= num[-3]) & (y <= num[-3]) & (z == num[2]) & (x >= num[2]) & (y >= num[2])
v5 = (x <= num[-4]) & (y <= num[-4]) & (z == num[3]) & (x >= num[3]) & (y >= num[3])
v6 = (x <= num[-5]) & (y <= num[-5]) & (z == num[4]) & (x >= num[4]) & (y >= num[4])
v7 = (x <= num[-6]) & (y <= num[-6]) & (z == num[5]) & (x >= num[5]) & (y >= num[5])
v8 = (x <= num[-7]) & (y <= num[-7]) & (z == num[6]) & (x >= num[6]) & (y >= num[6])
v9 = (x <= num[-8]) & (y <= num[-8]) & (z == num[7]) & (x >= num[7]) & (y >= num[7])
voxels = v1 | v2 | v3 | v4| v5 | v6 | v7 | v8 | v9
アニメーションの設定
視点変更するための配列の生成
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rotate_elev = np.concatenate((np.linspace(0,180,50,endpoint = False),np.linspace(-180,0,51)))
3Dグラフの高さ方向の視点elevにおいて、180と-180はおなじなので、endpoint = Falseとすることで180を配列にいれないようにした。np.concatenate()で配列を連結する。配列の大きさは101とした。
アニメーションの設定
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def init():
ax.set_zlim(0,10)
#ax.set_aspect('equal')
return fig,
アニメーションの初期設定でグラフのアスペクト比とz軸範囲を調整する。
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def animate(i):
#rotate elev
ax.view_init(elev=rotate_elev[i], azim=60)
ax.view_init()で視点を変更できる。
azim=60と固定で、elev=rotate_elev[i]でelevが変化するアニメーションとする。
アニメーションの表示
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ani = animation.FuncAnimation(fig, animate, init_func=init,
frames=101, interval=100, blit=False)
ani.save('rotate_pyramid_1.mp4', writer="ffmpeg",dpi=100)
HTML(ani.to_html5_video())
HTML(ani.to_html5_video())とすればjupyter notebook上にアニメーションを表示できる。
参考
[matplotlib 3D] 14. 3Dグラフの回転アニメーション
matplotlib mplot3d のグラフの回転アニメーション
sabopy.com
2018.10.25
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